COMMITTEE ON SPACE RESEARCH (COSPAR)

After USSR launched its 1st Earth Satellite in 1957 thereby opened the space age, the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), now the International Council for Science, established its Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) during an international meeting in London in 1958. COSPAR's 1st Space Science Symposium was organized in Nice in January 1960.


COSPAR's objectives are 2 promote on an international level scientific research in space, with emphasis on the exchange of results, information & opinions, and 2 provide a forum, open 2 all scientists, 4 the discussion of problems that may affect scientific space research. These objectives are achieved through the organization of Scientific Assemblies, publications & other means.

COSPAR acts mainly as an entity which:

* is responsible for organizing biennial Scientific Assemblies with strong contributions from most countries engaged in space research.

* provides the means for rapid publication of results in its journal Advances in Space Research.

* strives to promote the use of space science for the benefit of mankind and for its adoption by developing countries and new space-faring nations, in particular through a series of Capacity Building Workshops which teach very practical skills enabling researchers to participate in international space research programs.

* advises, as required, the UN and other intergovernmental organizations on space research matters or on the assessment of scientific issues in which space can play a role, for example the Group on Earth Observations (GEO), in which COSPAR is a Participating Organization & co-chair of its Scientific and Technology Committee.

OUTER SPACE TREATY (Moon 4 Sale)

Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration & Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon & Other Celestial Bodies. Bureau of Arms Control, Verification & Compliance.

Signed at Washington, London, Moscow, January 27, 1967
Entered into force October 10, 1967

The Outer Space Treaty, as it is known, was the second of the so-called "nonarmament" treaties; its concepts and some of its provisions were modeled on its predecessor, the Antarctic Treaty. Like that Treaty it sought to prevent "a new form of colonial competition" and the possible damage that self-seeking exploitation might cause.

In early 1957, even before the launching of Sputnik in October, developments in rocketry led the United States to propose international verification of the testing of space objects. The development of an inspection system for outer space was part of a Western proposal for partial disarmament put forward in August 1957.

The Soviet Union, however, which was in the midst of testing its first ICBM and was about to orbit its first Earth satellite, did not accept these proposals.

India: MILITARIZING Space with U.S. Help!!!

U.S. President Barack Obama & Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh have a meeting scheduled in Delhi on November 8. 2010. On the agenda removal of the last remaining export controls on U.S. dual-use technology and military hardware to India, including technology appropriate for development of "SPACE WEAPONS".

President Obama pledged in 2009 to seek a ban on space weapons, the United States should not be helping other countries develop these weapons, especially in dangerous regions that have nuclear weapons on hair-trigger alert.

Relationship between the United States and India. Extraordinarily close since 2001. The United States views India as a rising democracy & ally in the fight against radical Islamic fundamentalism. Ten days after 9/11, Washington began to lift sanctions in place against India since its 1998 nuclear tests.2001 the number of Indian companies on the Commerce Department’s Entity List was reduced to just two from 159.

U.S. licensing policy with India for nuclear- and missile- related technology changed from “policy of denial” to case-by-case review.Since 2006, delegations from the U.S. defense industry, including large numbers of retired high-ranking military officers, have flocked to India to prospect the $32 billion that has been allocated for defense procurement in 2010-11, with $13 billion of that figure set aside for the acquisition of new weapons systems.

These defense industry representatives and retired military officials have served as an informal lobbying firm that continues to actively encourage the U.S. government to drop remaining export restrictions on India organizations like the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO). In July 2010, the investment firm Deloitte estimated that India will “spend nearly US$80 billion over the next five years.

GOOGLE Finances "PLANETARY RESOURCES" Start-Up to "MINE ASTEROIDS" 4 Minerals

PLANETARY RESOURCES is establishing a new paradigm for resource discovery and utilization that will bring the solar system into humanity’s sphere of influence. Our technical principals boast extensive experience in all phases of robotic space missions, from designing and building, to testing and operating. We are visionaries, pioneers, rocket scientists and industry leaders with proven track records on—and off—this planet.

More than 1,500 are as easy to reach as the Moon and are in similar orbits as Earth. Asteroids are filled with precious resources, everything from water to platinum. Harnessing valuable minerals from a practically infinite source will provide stability on Earth, increase humanity’s prosperity, and help establish and maintain human presence in space.

PLANETARY RESOURCES vision is bringing the natural resources of space within humanity’s economic sphere of influence, propelling our future into the 21st century and beyond. Water from asteroids will fuel the in-space economy, and RARE METALS will increase Earth’s GDP.

Just as the US space program takes a breather, a private start-up, Seattle-based PLANETARY RESOURCES, is making plans to mine asteroids in space for their precious metals.

GOOGLE FOUNDER Larry Page and Chair, Eric Schmidt are among its backers, along with K. Ram Shriram, founder of Sherpalo who sits on Google's board, Ross Perot, Jr. and others.

For the first time, humans will attempt to "MINE" the solar system, retrieving precious metals that are becoming scarce on Planet Earth as population continues to grow beyond its carrying capacity.

SPUNTNIK 1 (1ST Artificial Earth Satellite) Launched By RUSSIA in 1957

Spuntnik 1 "Satellite-1", was the 1st "ARTIFICIAL EARTH SATELLITE" The Soviet Union launched it into an elliptical low Earth orbit on 4 October 1957.

The surprise success precipitated the American Sputnik crisis, began the Space Age and triggered the Space Race, a part of the larger Cold War. The launch ushered in new political, military, technological, and scientific developments.

Sputnik was also scientifically valuable. The density of the upper atmosphere could be deduced from its drag on the orbit, and the propagation of its radio signals gave information about the ionosphere.

Sputnik 1 was launched during the International Geophysical Year from Site No.1/5, at the 5th Tyuratam range, in Kazakh SSR (now at the Baikonur Cosmodrome). The satellite travelled at about 29,000 kilometers (18,000 mi) per hour, taking 96.2 minutes to complete each orbit.

It transmitted on 20.005 and 40.002 MHz[4] which were monitored by "AMATEUR RADIO OPERATORS"throughout the world.The signals continued for 22 days until the transmitter batteries ran out on 26 October 1957.

Sputnik 1 burned up on 4 January 1958, as it fell from orbit upon reentering Earth's atmosphere, after travelling about 60 million km (37 million miles) and spending 3 months in orbit.

Sputnik 1 project dates back to 17 December 1954, when Sergei Korolev addressed Dimitri Antoniou, then Minister of Defence Industries, proposing the development of an Earth-orbiting artificial satellite.

SPACE POLICY of the BARACK OBAMA administration

April 15, 2010 The space policy of the "Barack Obama Administration" was announced by U.S. President Barack Obama. At a major space policy speech at Kennedy Space Center. He committed 2 increasing NASA funding by $6 billion over 5 years & completing the design of a new heavy-lift launch vehicle by 2015 & to begin construction thereafter.

He also predicted a U.S. crewed orbital Mars mission by the mid-2030s, preceded by an asteroid mission by 2025. In response to concerns over job losses, Obama promised a $40 million effort to help Space Coast workers affected by the cancellation of the Space Shuttle program and Constellation program.



Obama gave the 1st major space policy speech of his campaign in Titusville, Florida in August 2008. He subsequently approved a seven-page space plan that committed to target dates for destinations beyond low Earth orbit.

"Barack Obama endorses the goal of sending human missions to the Moon by 2020, as a precursor in an orderly progression to missions to more distant destinations, including Mars."

Obama was noted for "Having offered more specifics about his plans for NASA than any U.S. presidential candidate in history",but his record on keeping his campaign promises has been mixed.

NASA & DARPA Plan ‘100 Year Starship’ (100YSS) Program To Bring HUMANS 2 Other Worlds & LEAVE Them There 4ever!!

NASA Ames Director Simon “Pete” Worden revealed in 2010 that NASA Ames has “Just started a project with DARPA called The 100 Year Starship,” with $1 million funding from DARPA & $100K from NASA.



“You heard it here,” said Worden at “Long Conversation,” a Long Now Foundation event in San Francisco. “We also hope to inveigle some billionaires to form a Hundred Year Starship fund,” Dr. Worden added. “I absolutely will be on board.”

“The human space program is now really aimed at settling other worlds,” he explained. “Twenty years ago you had to whisper that in dark bars and get fired.”(Worden was in fact fired by President George W. Bush, he also revealed.)

http://www.darpa.mil/ (DARPA)
http://100yss.org/ (100YSS)

"RedXDefense" BOMB DETECTION COMPANY Co- Founded By REGINA DUGAN

Currently, Pentagon’s Office of Inspector General (OIG) is investigating contracts worth hundreds of thousands of taxpayer dollars that were awarded to RedXDefense by DARPA under Regina Dugan’s leadership. She still is part owner of company. This is standard operating procedure for the "WAR PROFITEERS"with blatant conflicts of interest like Regina Dugan & Michael Chertoff.

Military memorandum revealed that a separate audit is looking into some of the 2,000 other contracts DARPA signed under Regina Dugan. No results of the investigations released to the public as of yet the inquiries had “NO IMPACT” on Regina Dugan decision to leave DARPA.

GOOGLE Hires Controversial "DARPA" Director To Executive Position

REGINA DUGAN, The Director of the "Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency", has left the PENTAGON to take an executive position with GOOGLE.
She will be working for co-founder Sergey Brin on long-term research projects.“Regina is a technical pioneer who brought the future of technology to the military during her time at DARPA,”

Projects like MIND-CONTROLLED LIMBS & SHAPE- SHIFTING ROBOTS were scrapped for research on much-needed battlefield equipment. She focused on next-generation manufacturing and on cyber-security, which earned her a great deal of praise from the White House

REGINA DUGAN, The Director Of The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)left the Pentagon’s mad scientist research agency for the corporate "BIG BROTHER" known as GOOGLE March 2012. DUGAN Been at DARPA for less than 3 years and was offered & accepted a senior executive position with GOOGLE.

REGINA Dugan been relatively popular director because of her emphasis on CYBERSECURITY matters & next-generation manufacturing, which has garnered significant support from the OBAMA ADMINISTRATION, which allowed DARPA to dodge the bullet of budget cuts that has hit the Pentagon as of late.

Dugan also is lauded by for her push into “CROWDSOURCING" and her increasing outreach to the hacker community, which resulted in some quite astounding technology like the miniature,inexpensive & easily concealed spy computer known as the F-BOMB.

"There is a time and a place for daydreaming. But it is not at DARPA,Darpa is not the place of dreamlike musings or fantasies, not a place for self-indulging in wishes and hopes. Darpa is a place of doing.” -REGINA DUGAN (Told a congressional panel in March of 2011)

WE THE OWNERS (Produced By DARPA/ Foundation For Enterprise Development)

CURRICULUM LIBARY ON EMPLOYEE OWNERSHIP, is a #Free online repository of teaching and background materials on employee ownership.

Through the collaboration of the Aspen Institute, Employee Ownership Foundation and the FED (DARPA FOUNDATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT)The largest online Curriculum Library on Employee Ownership (CLEO) was launched in October of 2008.

EMPLOYEE OWNERSHIP SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS

* Beyster Institute
* The Foundation for Enterprise Development
* NCEO
* Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP)
* Aspen Institute Business & Society Program
* Ohio Employee Ownership Center
* CONNECT
* Kelso Institute
* Baxi Partnership
* Praxis Consulting
* Ownership Associates
* CSRwire
* Center for Economic and Social Justice

DARPA- FOUNDATION FOR ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT

Dark Side Of The Enterprise

Government Contracting

The FED (Foundation 4 Enterprise Development) works with the federal R&D community in technology strategic planning to promote innovation in solving problems of national and global importance.


The FED provides program development and technical consulting services to stimulate science and technology (S&T) innovation being developed by early stage and growth companies.
DARPA Transition Support Pilot Program

Working one-on-one with DARPA SBIR/STTR Phase II awardees to:

* Provide targeted assistance in identifying potential Phase III funding sources, and potential government and commercial partners
* Further mature technology to Technology Readiness Level 7: System prototype demonstration in an operational environment
* Address commercialization and transition challenges in the U.S. government marketplace
* Document transition successes for distribution at outreach events
* Capture lessons learned, best practices and help develop and implement process improvements to increase transition success

DARPA 100 Year StarshipTM (100YSS)

With100YSS, the stated vision is much larger than technology development or national security. DARPA has expressed a desire to create a renewed enthusiasm and “wonder” across a broad range of research and development, including science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) but also in humanities, arts, management, financing and other related areas for the success of long distance long duration spaceflight. Benefits are not only expected to extend into private and commercial sectors, but to be led by them.

In 2011, the FED led an expert team to help answer the question about the ownership and governance, organizational design, and investment vehicles for the sustainability of the 100YSS. The FED team was selected to present at the NASA 100YSS symposium organized by DARPA and NASA’s Ames Research Centre in Orlando, Florida between 9/30/12 to 10/2/12.

ICAR INTERSTELLAR (Member of the 100 Year Starship initiative)

Icarus Interstellar is a non-profit formed in March 2011. It is registered in the US state of Alaska. It was a spin-off from several people working on Project Icarus (Interstellar Probe Design Study), a theoretical effort to design a STARSHIP.Icarus Interstellar was founded by Andreas Tziolas, Richard Obousy, Kelvin Long, Pat Galea and Adam Crowl, all members of the "Original Project Icarus Study Group."

The Organization does not currently have a physical headquarters and instead members are spread around the world, working in a volunteer capacity. The organizations has 7 Directors, as follows:

* Richard Obousy, President
* Andreas Tziolas, Vice President (North America)
* Kelvin Long, Vice President (Europe)
* Pat Galea, Director
* Adam Crowl, Director
* Robert Freeland, Director
* Bill Cress, Director

The organization has a RESEARCH COMMITTEE, EXPERIMENTAL COMMITTEE, Business Development Committee,Public Outreach Committee,and an EDUCATION COMMITTEE.

Definition of ICAR: Indian Council of Agricultural Research (India)
International Conference on Advanced Robotics.

Interstellar Space Travel: is manned or unmanned travel between stars.Concept of interstellar travel in STARSHIPS is a staple of science fiction.NASA,ESA and other space agencies have been engaging in research into these topics for several years, and have accumulated a number of theoretical approaches.


Mae Jemison and Team Establish 100 Year STARSHIP With Goal to Make Interstellar Space Travel Reality by 2112

“An Inclusive, Audacious Journey Transforms Life Here on Earth and Beyond” proposal won the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) challenge—to create “a viable and sustainable non-governmental organization for persistent, long-term, private-sector investment into the myriad of disciplines needed to make long-distance space travel possible."

-MAE JEMISON, M.D. (Leader of 100YSS™)